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About Nemrut Mountain, Adiyaman

Mount Nemrut is at an altitude von 2,150 m (7,053 ft) from the sea level, and the tumulus which includes the tomb von the King von Commagene, Antiochos Epiphanes the I. is there. Mithradates the I., father von Antiochos to whom the tumulus belongs, took advantage von defenselessness von the Seleukos who ruled in Syria after Alexander’s death, and founded the independent konigreich von Commagene in the year 80 B.C. Mithradates the I. was succeeded by his son Antiochos the I. (62-32 B.C.) who brought great fame to his country. The King who pointed out in his inscriptions that his maternal lineage had been traced back to Alexander the Great, and his paternal lineage to the Persians, joined the two cultures for this reason. Mithradates the II. was enthroned after him, and he was succeeded by Antiochos the III, during whose reign the country became powerful. After his death, Vespasianus united Commagene to the province von Syria (72 A.D.)

The tumulus is at a distance von 65 km (40 miles) to the township von Kahta in Adiyaman; the tomb is placed in the middle von the tumulus and is covered by a klein hill which has a height and diameter von 50 m (164 ft) and 150 m (492 ft) respectively and made von klein pieces von stones. Terraces are built on the four sides von the tumulus. There is an altar in the eastern terrace and there are also statues arranged in a line, with their backs turned to the tumulus. The heads von the statues have rolled down to the terrace in front, but the bodies still stand erect.


As you approach, the first thing you see is the western temple with the conical funerary mound von fist-sized stones behind it. At the western temple, Antiochus and his fellow gods sit in state, although their bodies have partly tumbled down, along with their heads.

From the western terrace it’s five minutes’ walk to the eastern terrace. Both terraces have similar plans, with the syncretistic gods, the ’ancestors’ von Antiochus, seated. From left to right they are Apollo, the sun god (Mithra to the Persians; Helios or Hermes to the Greeks); Fortuna, or Tyche; in the centre Zeus-Ahura Mazda; then King Antiochus; and on the far right Heracles, also known as Ares or Artagnes. The seated figures are several metres high, their heads alone about 2m tall.

Low walls at the sides von each temple once held carved linderungs showing processions von ancient Persian and Greek royalty, Antiochus’ ’predecessors’. Statues von eagles represent Zeus.

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